English Online Training

adjectives: -ed and -ing A lot of adjectives are made from verbs by adding -ing or -ed: -ing adjectives: The commonest -ing adjectives are: amusingshockingsurprisingfrightening interestingdisappointingexcitingtiring worryingboringterrifyingannoying If you call something interesting you mean it interests you.If you call something frightening you mean it frightens you. I...

We use adjectives to describe nouns. Most adjectives can be used in front of a noun…: They have a beautiful house.We saw a very exciting film last night. or after a link verb like be, look or feel: Their house is beautiful.That film looks interestin...

We use the reciprocal pronouns each other and one another when two or more people do the same thing. Traditionally, each other refers to two people and one another refers to more than two people, but this distinction is disappearing in modern English. Peter and Mary helped one another.= Peter helped Mary and Mary helped Peter. We sent each other Christmas cards.= We...

We use whose to ask questions: Pattern APattern B Whose coat is this?orWhose is this coat? Whose book is that?orWhose is that book? Whose bags are those?orWhose are those bags? ...

possessives: pronouns Can you match these possessive pronouns to the right personal pronouns and possessive adjectives? yours, mine, theirs, ours, hers, his, its SubjectObjectPossessive adjectives Possessive pronouns Ime my Youyou your Hehim his Sheher her Itit its Weus our Theythem their We can use a possessive pronoun instead of a noun phrase: Is...

possessives: adjectives   Can you match these possessive adjectives to the right personal pronouns?its, your, my, their, our, her, his SubjectObjectPossessive Ime  Youyou  Hehim  Sheher  Itit  Weus  Theythem  We use possessive adjectives: • to show something belongs to somebody: That’s our house.My car is very old. • for relations and friends: My mother...

possessives: nouns We use a noun with ’s with a singular noun to show possession: We are having a party at John’s house. Michael drove his friend’s car. We use s’ with a plural noun ending in -s: This is my parents’ house. Those are ladies’ shoes. But we use ’s with other plural nouns: These are men’s shoes. Children’s clothes...

quantifiers   We use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of something: how much or how many. Sometimes we use a quantifier in the place of a determiner: Most children start school at the age of five.We ate some bread and butter.We saw lots of birds. We use these quantifiers with both count and uncount nouns: allanyenoughlessa lot oflots of moremostnonone...

definite article: the The definite article the is the most frequent word in English. We use the definite article in front of a noun when we believe the hearer/reader knows exactly what we are referring to. • because there is only one: The Pope is visiting Russia. The moon is very bright tonight. The Shah of Iran was deposed in 1979. This is why we use the definite article...

indefinite article: a and an   1. We use the indefinite article, a/an, with count nouns when the hearer/reader does not know exactly which one we are referring to: Police are searching for a 14 year-old girl. 2. We also use it to show the person or thing is one of a group: She is a pupil at London Road School. Police have been searching for a 14 year-old...

interrogative determiners: which and what   We use "which" as a determiner to ask a question about a specific group of people or things: Which restaurant did you go to?Which countries in South America have you visited? When we are asking a general question we use "what" as a determiner: What films do you like?What university did you go to? ...

Determiners and quantifiers   General and specific determiners Determiners are words which come at the beginning of the noun phrase. They tell us whether the noun phrase is specific or general. Determiners are either specific or general Specific determiners: The specific determiners are: the definite article: the possessives: my, your, his, her, its; our, their, whose demonstratives: this, that, these, those interrogatives: which We...

relative pronouns   The relative pronouns are: SubjectObjectPossessive whowho(m)whose whichwhichwhose thatthat  We use who and whom for people, and which for things.Or we can use that for people or things. We use relative pronouns: • after a noun, to make it clear which person or thing we are talking about: the house that Jack...

indefinite pronouns   The indefinite pronouns are: somebodysomeonesomething anybodyanyoneanything nobodyno onenothing everybodyeveryoneeverything We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things without saying exactly who or what they are. We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people, and pronouns ending in -thing for things: Everybody enjoyed...

reciprocal pronouns: each other and one another   We use the reciprocal pronouns each other and one another when two or more people do the same thing. Traditionally, each other refers to two people and one another refers to more than two people, but this distinction is disappearing in modern English. Peter and Mary helped one another.= Peter helped Mary and...

reflexive pronouns   The reflexive pronouns are: Singular:myself - yourself - himself - herself - itself Plural:ourselves - yourselves - themselves When we use a reflexive pronoun We use a reflexive pronoun: • as a direct object when the object is the same as the subject of the verb: I am teaching myself to play the...